The effect of flipped classroom teaching on learning and memorization of the 12th grade biology lesson in the post-corona era (a case study on the topic of information molecules)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
azam gholami 1
zohre kalantari 2
mohammad hasan bazoobandi 3
1 Department Of Biology Education, Farhangian University, Tehran
2 Department of Biology, Farhangian University, Tehran
3 Department of Science Education, Farhangian University, Tehran
10.22070/tlr.2024.18036.1468
Abstract
devices and then attended the class and during the interaction with the teacher and their classmates, they learn the lesson in a deeper way. The aim of the current research is the effect of teaching in the flipped classroom method on learning and memorization of biology in the post-corona era. This research is a semi-experimental method with a pre-test-post-test design and memorization level measurement for control and experimental groups and also measuring the willingness of the experimental group was done in this way. A sample of 44 students was selected from the statistical population, who were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The research questionnaires included questionnaires made by the researcher to evaluate learning, memorization and willingness. Descriptive statistics (prevalence, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t-test, univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA)) were used in data analysis. According to the findings, the difference between pre- and post-test was significant in both groups. But the higher average of the test group is a sign of better learning. Also, the experimental group showed better performance at the memory level. The results of the propensity questionnaire show the high degree of students' propensity to use electronic tools to receive course materials in the post-corona era. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of this educational method in the post-corona era is effective in learning and memorizing biology.
Keywords
"Filipped classroom"
"learning"
"memory"
"biology"
"post-Corona"
  1. Senali M. G., Iranmanesh M., Ghobakhloo M., Gengatharen D., Tseng M. L., Nilsashi M. Flipped classroom in business and entrepreneurship education: A systematic review and future research agenda. The International Journal of Management Education; 2022, 20 (1): 10-25.‌
  2. Tang T., Abuhmaid A. M., Olaimat M., Oudat D. M., Aldhaeebi M., Bamanger E. Efficiency of flipped classroom with online-based teaching under COVID-19. Interactive Learning Environments; 2020, 1-12.‌
  3. Bokosmaty, R. Effective implementations of a partially flipped classroom for large-enrollment organic chemistry courses. In American Chemical Society. Active Learning in Organic Chemistry: Implementation and Analysis (187-196); 2019.‌
  4. Jiang M. Y. C., Jong M. S. Y., Lau W. W. F., Chai C. S., Liu K. S. X., Park M. A scoping review on flipped classroom approach in language education: Challenges, implications and an interaction model. Computer Assisted Language Learning; 2022, 35 (5-6): 1218-1249.‌
  5. نوری، علی. ساختن‌گرایی در کلاس من. رشد آموزش راهنمایی تحصیلی، 1387؛ 8: 1‑11.
  6. Mwanda, G., & Midigo, R. Understanding the bottlenecks in methodological adoption of constructivism in secondary schools in Kenya. JPBI (Journal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia); 2019, 5(1): 141-150.
  7. سیف، علی‌اکبر. روان‌شناسی پرورشی نوین: روان‌شناسی یادگیری و آموزش. [بی‌جا]: دوران؛ 1402.
  8. برزگر بفرویی کاظم، خضری حسن، شیرجهانی اعظم. پیدایش رویکرد سازنده‌گرایی و تحول در محیط‌های یادگیری. چهارمین همایش انجمن فلسفۀ تعلیم‌وتربیت ایران؛ 1392.
  9. Okorie, E. U. Effects of Instructional Software Package Method of Teaching (ISPMT) on Students’ Interest and Achievement in Chemical Bonding. Education; 2015, 5 (6): 158-165.
  10. Dhir A., Alsumait A. Examining the Educational User Interface, Technology and Pedagogy for Arabic Speaking Children in Kuwait. J. Univers. Comput. Sci; 2013, 19 (7): 1003-1022.
  11. Evseeva A., Solozhenko A. Use of flipped classroom technology in language learning. Procedia -Social and Behavioral Sciences; 2015, 206, 205-209.
  12. Heredia Ponce H., Romero Oliva M. F., Romero Claudio C. Language Teaching through the Flipped Classroom: A Systematic Review. Education Sciences; 2022, 12 (10): 675.‌
  13. Hew K. F., Bai S., Dawson P., Lo, C. K. Meta-analyses of flipped classroom studies: A review of methodology. Educational Research Review; 2021, 33: 93-100.
  14. غلامی اعظم، زارع حسین، فلاح وحید. مقایسۀ میزان اثربخشی آموزش زیست‌شناسی به روش کلاس معکوس در دانش‌آموزان دختر مدارس تیزهوشان و عادی. فصلنامۀ آموزش‌پژوهی، 1402؛ 9(33): 51‑63.
  15. غلامی اعظم، زارع حسین، فلاح وحید. تأثیر آموزش معکوس بر میزان انگیزش و یادگیری دانش‌آموزان در درس زیست‌شناسی: بررسی نقش جنسیت در میزان اثربخشی روشی نوین. پویش در آموزش علوم انسانی، 1401؛ 8(26): 1-14.
  16. Dorji S., Dorji, K. Flipped classroom in teaching biology assessing students’ academic achievement in Tang central school, Bumthang district. Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied and Basic Subjects; 2022, 2 (2): 1-8.
  17. Syakdiyah H., Wibawa B., Muchtar H. The effectiveness of flipped classroom in high school Chemistry Education. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering; 2018, 434 (1): 012098. IOP Publishing,1196-1230.
  18. Anazifa, R.D. The Role of Technology in Biology Teaching During and Post Pandemic Era: Challenges and Opportunities. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research; 2021, 640: 46-51.
  19. Francis N., Morgan A., Holm S., Davey R., Bodger O., Dudley ED. Adopting a flipped classroom approach for teaching molar calculations to biochemistry and genetics students. Biochem Mol Biol Educ; 2020, 48 (3): 220-226.
  20. Busto M.D., Orcid N., Ortega S.M., Albillos S., Ramos-Gómez M.C., Pilar-Izquierdo B., Velasco D., Palacios. Flipped Classroom in Laboratory Practices of Molecular Biology: Perception of The Students From Chemistry Degree. 14th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies; 2022, 725-732.
  21. Aslan A., Zhu C. Starting Teachers’ Integration of ICT into Their Teaching Practices in the Lower Secondary Schools in Turkey. Educ Sci Theory Pract; 2018, 18 (1): 23-45.
  22. Eichler, J. F. Future of the flipped classroom in chemistry education: Recognizing the value of independent preclass learning and promoting deeper understanding of chemical ways of thinking during in-person instruction. Journal of Chemical Education; 2022, 99 (3): 1503‑1508.‌
  23. Nja C. O., Orim R. E., Neji H. A., Ukwetang J. O., Uwe U. E., Ideba M. A. Students’ attitude and academic achievement in a flipped classroom. Heliyon; 2022, 8 (1): 80-97.
  24. Harrison C. R., Stennett E. M. Flipped Learning in the Analytical Chemistry Classroom. In American Chemical Society. Active Learning in the Analytical Chemistry Curriculum (37-49); 2022.‌
  25. Sherr G. L., Akkaraju S., Atamturktur S. Nudging students to succeed in a flipped format gateway biology course. Journal of Effective Teaching in Higher Education; 2019, 2 (2): 56‑7.
  26. ملایی سمیه، فاخر عجب‌شیر زهرا. بررسی اثر روش معکوس در کلاس برخط بر یادگیری و رضایت دانشجویان در ایام دنیاگیری کوویدـ19، مطالعۀ موردی: درس زبان تخصصی مهندسی عمران دانشگاه بناب. فصلنامۀ آموزش مهندسی ایران، 1400؛ 23 (89): 113‑132.
  27. Kwon, O. Y. Flipped learning: an alternative pedagogical approach in the untact age. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation; 2021, 17 (4): 222.
  28. Harida E. S., Syarif H. A Study of Students’ Perceptions of Online Learning in Blended Learning and Flipped Classroom. In 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education; 2020, 263-268.
  29. Arslan, A. Instructional Design Considerations for Flipped Classroom. International Journal of Progressive Education; 2020, 16 (6): 33-59.
  30. شاه‌محمدی نیره، سبحانی‌نژاد مهدی، حجتی رقیه. اثربخشی روش یادگیری معکوس بر افزایش یادگیری خودراهبر و پیشرفت تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان پایۀ ششم در درس علوم. پژوهش‌های آموزش و یادگیری، 1399؛ 17(1، پیاپی 31): 77‑90.
  31. پیوسته میلاد، موسوی مجد سیدجابر. بررسی تأثیر آموزش ازطریقِ کلاس درس معکوس بر خودکارآمدی تحصیلی و پیشرفت تحصیلی دانشجویان دانشگاه فرهنگیان در سال تحصیلی ۱۳۹۷‑۱۳۹۸. هشتمین همایش ملی مطالعات و تحقیقات نوین در حوزﮤ علوم تربیتی، روان‌شناسی و مشاورﮤ ایران، تهران؛ 1401.
  32. روزگاری خانقاه، لیلا. کلاس درس معکوس در دوران همه‌گیری کوویدـ۱۹. ششمین کنفرانس ملی نوآوری و تحقیق در علوم انسانی و آموزش‌وپرورش، تهران؛ 1400.
  33. Galindo-Dominguez, H. Flipped classroom in the educational system. Educational Technology & Society; 2021, 24 (3): 44-60.‌
  34. Krumsvik RJ, Jones L. Flipped classroom in science - Is there a correlation between reverse education (flipped classroom) and student achievement in science. Norwegian Educational Journal; 2016, 100 (01): 61-73.
  35. Deng, F. Research on the flipped college English cass based on ―Knowledge Internalization‖. Journal of Anguage Teaching and Research; 2020, 11 (3): 467-472.
  36. Wut T. M., Xu J., Lee S. W., Lee D. University Student Readiness and Its Effect on Intention to Participate in the Flipped Classroom Setting of Hybrid Learning. Education Sciences; 2022, 12 (7): 44-69. ‌
  37. علی‌پور محمد، پورشافعی هادی، علی‌پور مهدی. ادراک والدین از پیامدهای آموزشی یادگیری به شیوﮤ معکوس: مطالعۀ کیفی. رویش روان‌شناسی، 1399؛ ۹(۶): ۱۹-۲۸.
  38. احمدآبادی آرزو، صفری محمود، علیزادهامین حمیده. روش تدریس معکوس؛ شیوه‌ای نوین بر کاهش کمرویی در دانش‌آموزان. آموزش‌پژوهی، 1399؛ 6(22): 37-48.
  39. Huh, M.K. Flipped Classroom Pedagogy Enhances Student Satisfaction and Validated Strategies in Molecular Biology. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences; 2019, 7 (10): 91-98.
  40. Andreas K, Reham A. A Flipped Classroom Approach and Digital Learning in an Undergraduate Molecular Biology Course. Journal of College Science Teaching; 2022, 51: 43-50.
  41. Županec S., Radulović B. N., Pribićević T. Z., Miljanović T. G., Zdravković V. G. Determination of educational efficiency and students’ involvement in the flipped biology classroom in primary school. Journal of Baltic Science Education; 2018, 17 (1): 162-176.
  42. Campillo-FerrerM., Miralles-Martínez P. Effectiveness of the flipped classroom model on students’ self-reported motivation and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Humanities and social sciences communications; 2021, 1-9.
  43. کاویانی حسن، لیاقت‌دار زمانی بی‌بی‌عشرت، عابدینی یاسمن. فرایند یادگیری در کلاس معکوس: بازنمایی از برنامۀ درسی تجربه‌شده در آموزش‌عالی. دو فصلنامۀ مطالعات برنامۀ درسی آموزش‌ عالی؛ 1396، 8(15): 179‑214.
  44. خزائی آذر، خزائی ثریا، زمانیان عیسی. تأثیر مثال آموزشی حل‌شده در محیط چندرسانه‌ای بر یادگیری و یادداری درس ریاضی پایۀ پنجم ابتدایی. پژوهش‌های آموزش و یادگیری؛ 1397، 15 (2، پیاپی 28): 27‑36.
  45. Pienta, N. J. Introductory Chemistry Using the “Flipped” Environment: An Update. Journal of Chemical Education; 2019, 96 (6): 1053-1054.‌
  46. Mahmodi A., Yarahmadi Y., Moradi O. Designing a Reverse Learning Model and Investigating the Effectiveness of the Created Educational Program on Academic Engagement and the Sense of Belonging to School of Senior High School Students. Iranian Journal of Learning & Memory; 2023, 5 (20): 5-17.
  47. نصرالله‌زاده حق‌گو امین، دهقان منشادی زهراسادات. بررسی تأثیر ابزارهای الکترونیکی در آموزش زیست‌شناسی در دوران کرونا. پژوهش در آموزش زیست‌شناسی؛ 1399، 2(3، پیاپی 7): 25‑36.
  48. زارع، حسین. آموزش زیست‌شناسی به روش کلاس معکوس: مطالعۀ موردی مبحث تولیدمثل نهان‌دانگان کتاب زیست‌شناسی پایۀ یازدهم. پایان‌نامۀ ارشد. اهواز: پردیس شهید چمران، دانشگاه فرهنگیان؛ 1398.
  49. Rahmi N.A., Sumarmin R., Yuni Ahda Y., Alberida H., Razak A. Relationship between Learning Motivation and Biology Learning Outcomes. Journal of Science Education Research; 2021, 7 (4): 537-541.
  50. Zupanec V., Vlasic D, Pribicevic T., Lazarevic T. The effect of the flipped classroom model on quality of the students‘performance in biology education in high school. XIV International Conference on Mathematics, Science and Technology Education Journal of Physics; 2022. Conference doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2288/1/012015.
  51. Salimi Akbarabadi M., Zarifsanaiey N., Raeisi Shahraki H. Enhancing the Students’ Academic Motivation and Learning Achievement through the Flipped Classroom Approach: An Educational Intervention. Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences Interdiscip J Virtual Learn Med Sci; 2023, 14 (3): 217‑224.